What Is Culture

WHAT IS CULTURE

A.    Definition of Culture

Culture is a way of life that is growing, and is owned jointly by a group of people, and passed down from generation to generation. Culture is made up of many complex elements, including religious and political system, customs, languages, tools, clothing, buildings, and works of art. The word "culture" derives from a French term, which in turn derives from the Latin "colere," which means to tend to the earth and grow, or cultivation and nurture.

Soelaiman Soemardi & Selosoemardjan explained that a culture is a fruit or a work of authorship and a sense of community. A culture does have a very close relationship with developments in society. An archaeologist, R. Seokmono explained that culture is the result of work or human effort in the form of objects or results of human thought the days of his life. While Effat al-Syarqawi define a culture based on the viewpoint of Islam, he explained that culture is a historical treasure of a society that is reflected in the testimony and the values that lay down that a life must have meaning and spiritual purpose.

Lehman, Himstreet, and Batty defined culture as a collection of some of the life experiences that exist at a particular group of people. Life is meant to be a belief, behavior, and lifestyles of a society. While Parsudi Suparian, said culture will underlie all behavior in society, as a culture of human knowledge are all used to know and understand the environment and the experiences that happened to him.

Culture in Indonesia is very influential in the development of time from time to time and the changing natural conditions that exist in Indonesia. This is in accordance with the opinion of an expert from Indonesia, Ki Hajar Dewantara, who explained that culture is the result of society's struggle against nature and the times that prove the prosperity and the glory of life in dealing with or facing difficulties and obstacles to achieving prosperity, security and happiness in life ,

B.     Culture According to experts

1.      According Koentjaraningrat, culture is a system of ideas and taste, an action and the work produced by humans in the life of society, which made hers with learning.

2.     According to Kluckhohn and Kelly, Culture is everything living concept created historically, either implicit or explicit, irrational, rational, which exist at a time, as a reference potential for human behavior.

3.      According E.B. Taylor, Culture is a complex whole which includes belief, morality, art, customs, laws, abilities and other habits that are often studied by humans as part of the community.

4.     According to Linton, Culture is the entirety of the attitudes and behavior patterns and knowledge which is a custom inherited and owned by a member of a particular community.